Bronisław Komorowski (PO)
Speaker of the Sejm, or lower house of parliament

Born June 4, 1952 in Oborniki Śląskie near Wrocław. Graduated from the history department of Warsaw University in 1977. Clandestine publisher for the democratic opposition in communist Poland. Sentenced, along with several other members of the Movement for Human and Civil Rights, to a month's imprisonment in 1980 for organizing a demonstration on Nov. 11, 1979. Worked in the Solidarity Independent Trade Union Center for Social Studies 1980-1981. Interned during martial law. Lectured at the Minor Seminary in Niepokalanów 1981-1989.

A director at the Council of Ministers Office 1989-1990. Served 1990-1993 as civilian deputy minister of defense responsible for educational and social affairs in the governments of Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Jan Krzysztof Bielecki and Hanna Suchocka during this time.

Associated with the Democratic Union (UD) and Freedom Union (UW) party during the first half of the 1990s, serving as secretary general 1993-1995. Elected to parliament on a UD ticket 1991 and 1993. Established the Conservative People's Caucus with a group of activists from Warsaw University led by Jan Rokita towards the end of the second parliament in 1997. That same year, the Conservative People's Caucus joined the newly formed Conservative People's Party (SKL), which immediately became a member of the Solidarity Election Action (AWS) coalition. Served the SKL as secretary general and vice-president.

Elected to parliament on an AWS ticket 1997. Chairman of the Parliamentary National Defense Committee 1997-2000 and minister of defense in Jerzy Buzek's government 2000-2001. Joined the Civic Platform (PO) party along with other members of the SKL while still a minister in the minority AWS government. Elected to the fourth parliament as a PO representative of the Warsaw electoral district. Left the SKL soon after the inauguration of the new parliament and became involved with PO. Has been a member of PO's national management team since 2001. Deputy chairman of the Parliamentary Defense Committee and a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee in the fourth parliament.

Elected to the fifth parliament. Elected deputy speaker of the lower house Oct. 26, 2005.

Placed first on the list of PO candidates for the Warsaw Suburbs electoral district in the parliamentary elections of Oct. 21, 2007 and won 139,320 votes.

Married, with daughters Zofia (born 1979), Maria (born 1983) and Elżbieta (born 1989), and sons Tadeusz (born 1981) and Piotr (born 1986).


Bogdan Borusewicz (PO)
Speaker of the Senate, or upper house of parliament

Born Jan. 11, 1949 in Lidzbark Warmiński. Graduated from the humanities department of the Catholic University of Lublin (KUL) in 1975. Began opposition activities during the 1960s. Found guilty of printing and distributing leaflets in 1968. Worked to help the victims of the wave of oppression that followed the 1976 workers' protests in Radom and became a member of the Workers' Defense Committee (KOR). Helped organize the Coastal Free Trade Unions 1977-1978.

Took part in organizing and preparing the August strike at the Gdańsk Shipyard and worked on formulating the strikers' demands 1980. Helped found the Solidarity Independent Trade Union. Went into hiding following the introduction of martial law on Dec. 13, 1981 and organized Solidarity's underground activities. Served as chairman of the Gdańsk Regional Board and deputy chairman of the National Commission during this period. Arrested and imprisoned in 1986 but released in 1988 as part of an amnesty. Supported the May and August strikes at the Gdańsk Shipyard 1988.

One of the candidates for chairman (the others being Marian Krzaklewski and Lech Kaczyński) during the Solidarity Convention of February 1991.

Member of the first three parliaments 1991-2001. Chairman of the Solidarity parliamentary caucus in the first parliament (1991-1993) and chairman of the extraordinary committee investigating the effects of martial law. Chairman of the Special Services Committee during the second parliament (1993-1997). Joined the Freedom Union (UW) party 1994.

Elected to the third parliament (1997-2001) on a UW party ticket. Secretary of state in the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration in Jerzy Buzek's government. Resigned 2000 when the UW withdrew from the governing coalition. Unsuccessful candidate in the 2001 parliamentary elections.

Served on the Executive Board for Pomerania province from Oct. 2001 to 2005. Ran unsuccessfully for mayor of Gdańsk in the 2002 local government elections, polling 16.32 percent.

Declined to help establish the Democratic Party (demokraci.pl) with other UW members due to the participation of people associated with the Democratic Left Alliance (SLD). Supported Lech Kaczyński's presidential candidacy.

Elected senator for the Gdańsk electoral district in the 2005 parliamentary elections with the support of both the Civic Platform (PO) and the Law and Justice (PiS) parties. Elected speaker of the Senate of the sixth parliament with the support of both PO and PiS senators.

Reelected as a PO senator for the Gdańsk electoral district in the 2007 parliamentary elections, polling 267,066 votes.

Borusewicz's wife, Alina Pieńkowska, passed away in 2002. Pieńkowska was an activist in the Coastal Free Trade Unions and the Solidarity Independent Trade Union, and was later elected as a senator to the second parliament. Borusewicz's daughter, Kinga, is a student.


Donald Tusk (PO)
Prime Minister

Born April 22, 1957 in Gdańsk. Graduated from the humanities department of Gdańsk University with a major in history. Student activist and founder of the Independent Students' Association (NZS) in Gdańsk.

Helped found the Liberal-Democratic Congress (KLD) party after the changes of 1989. Party leader 1991. Elected to parliament as a KLD candidate that year. Deputy chairman of the Freedom Union (UW) party formed from the 1994 merger of the KLD with the Democratic Union (UD). Resigned from the UW 2000. Founded the Civic Platform (PO) party with Andrzej Olechowski and Maciej Płażyński 2001. Served as deputy speaker in the Sejm where PO was the largest single opposition party after the 2001 elections. PO chairman since June 1, 2003.

Lost the second round of the presidential elections to Lech Kaczyński Oct. 23, 2005 with 46 percent of the vote.

Elected to parliament as a representative for the Warsaw electoral district in the election of Oct. 21, 2007, polling 534,000 votes (46.62 percent), the best individual result in parliamentary elections since 1989.

Sworn in as prime minister of the PO and Polish People's Party (PSL) coalition government Nov. 16.

Married with a son, Michał (born 1982) and a daughter, Katarzyna (born 1987).


Waldemar Pawlak (PSL)
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy

Born Sept. 5, 1959 in Model (Mazovia). Received a degree in engineering from the department of automotive and agricultural machine engineering of the Warsaw University of Technology 1984. Defended his doctoral dissertation in 2007.

Launched his political career in 1985 by joining the United People's Party (ZSL; a satellite of the communist Polish United Workers Party, PZPR). Elected to the "contractual" parliament June 1989. Joined the "Rebirth" Polish People's Party after the disbanding of the ZSL. Joined the Polish People's Party (PSL) 1990. Served as party chairman from June 1991 to the fall of 1995. Elected party chairman again in January 2005 after a nine-year break. Member of parliament since 1989.

Failed to form a government in 1992. Became prime minister for a second time after the parliamentary elections of 1993, heading a PSL/SLD coalition government. Resigned in February 1995 in the wake of a political crisis in the coalition.

Ran as a PSL candidate in the 1995 presidential elections and came fifth in the first round, polling 4.31 (770,417 votes).

Married, with a daughter and two sons.


Grzegorz Schetyna (PO)
Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Interior and Administration

Born Feb. 18, 1963 in Opole. Anti-communist opposition before 1989. Graduated from the department of philosophy and history of Wrocław University. Head of the Independent Students' Association (NZS) for several years while at university. Chairman of the NZS Inter-collegiate Strike Committee in Wrocław 1988. Joined the NZS National Strike Committee 1989 and represented student organizations at the Round Table talks. Became deputy governor of Wrocław province 1991. A member of the third, fourth and fifth parliaments 1997-2007. Has represented the Legnica electoral district since 2005 after initially representing the Wrocław electoral district. Elected to parliament for the fourth time in the 2007 elections with 54,345 votes.

Secretary general of the Liberal Democratic Congress (KLD) party 1992-1994. Deputy secretary general of the Freedom Union (UW) party 1994-1995. Joined PO 2001. Secretary general of PO and head of its Lower Silesian organization since 2006.

Married, with a daughter, Natalia.


Elżbieta Bieńkowska (Independent)
Minister of Regional Development

Born April 4, 1964 in Katowice. Graduated from the language departmentof Jagiellonian University in Cracow 1988 with a major in Persian studies. Studied at the Cracow School of Public Administration 1996. Attended postgraduate studies at the Warsaw School of Economics 1998.

The Katowice provincial governor's representative dealing with Katowice Province's Regional Contract and Regional Development Strategy. Coordinated the team charged with developing the Regional Innovation Strategy for Silesia province and headed the task force charged with updating its development strategy for the years 2000-2020. Coordinator of, and negotiator for, the team which developed Silesia province's Regional Operating Program for 2007-2013 and a member of the committee monitoring it. Appointed director of the Silesian Center for Entrepreneurship by the province executive Oct. 15, 2007. Deputy chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Upper Silesia Regional Development Agency 2002-2007.

Lectured at the Silesian University of Technology as part of the second European Postgraduate Studies in European Union structural programs.

Married, with two daughters, Michalina and Zofia, and a son, Mateusz.


Zbigniew Ćwiąkalski (Independent)
Minister of Justice

Born March 9, 1950 in Łańcut. Graduated from the law and administration department of Jagiellonian University. Passed judicial examination 1975 after three years of legal training. Successfully defended his doctoral dissertation in 1979 and his post-doctoral dissertation on substantive criminal law in 1991. Awarded scholarships by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the Max Planck Society.

Criminal law specialist. Staff member of the criminal law unit of Jagiellonian University and the criminal law and criminal proceedings unit of Rzeszów University. Lectures at the School of Public Administration and Management in Przemyśl. Member of the Criminal Law Research Society.

Member of the communist Polish United Workers Party (PZPR) 1972-1981. Joined the Solidarity Independent Trade Union 1981. Informal advisor to several members of parliament from the Solidarity opposition after 1989. Minister of education 1991-1996. Advisor to Prime Minister Hanna Suchocka on legislation governing crown witnesses 1992-1993. Parliamentary committee expert. Member of the PO Program Council. Member of the PO Honorary Committee during the October elections. Currently independent.

Member of the Cracow Industrial Society. Cofounded the First Polish-American Bank of Cracow.

A lawyer since 1995, he has now suspended his practice.


Zbigniew Derdziuk (Independent)
Minister and Head of the Standing Committee of the Council of Ministers

Born Jan. 24, 1962 in Skierbieszów. Graduate of the sociology department of Warsaw University. Successfully completed numerous training courses in management, including postgraduate studies at the ORGMASZ Institute in Warsaw.

Deputy director of Polish Television's Management Bureau 1994. Director of Polish Television's Strategic Planning Office 1996. Occupied several positions in both houses of parliament. Secretary of state and deputy head of the Prime Minister's Office in the government of Jerzy Buzek from January to March 1999. Appointed secretary of state in the Prime Minister's Office under Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz Oct. 31, 2005 and chairman of the Standing Committee of the Council of Ministers Nov. 17, 2005. Dismissed by Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz July 13, 2006, his last day as prime minister. Appointed head of the Warsaw Mayor's Office July 20, 2006, the day Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz became mayor of Warsaw. Elected secretary of Warsaw by the Warsaw City Council Aug. 31, 2006. Dismissed by resolution of the City Council Dec. 14, 2006. Former vice-chairman of Bank Pocztowy.

Married, with two sons.


Mirosław Drzewiecki (PO)
Minister of Sport AND TOURISM

Born July 8, 1956 in Łódź. Completed legal studies at Łódź University. Active in the Liberal Democratic Congress (KLD) and Freedom Union (UW) parties. Joined the Civic Platform party (PO) 2001. PO shadow minister of sport Jan. 13, 2006. Party treasurer. Elected to parliament for a fifth term after polling 44,404 votes in the Łódź electoral district in the parliamentary elections of Oct. 21.


Jolanta Fedak (PSL)
Minister of Labor

Born Sept. 21, 1960 in Żary. Graduated from the Institute of Political Science of Wrocław University. Joined the Polish People's Party (PSL) early 1990s and worked as a full-time party staff member in Zielona Góra. Appointed deputy speaker of Lubuskie province following local government reforms. Deputy provincial governor of Lubuskie province during the government of Leszek Miller (2001-2005) on the recommendation of PSL, serving from Nov. 14, 2001 to March 3, 2003.

Unsuccessful mayoral candidate for Zielona Góra in 2006, polling 704 votes. Appointed to the Provincial Management Board by the Civic Platform (PO), Law and Justice (PiS) and PSL local government coalition. Unsuccessful PSL Senate candidate for Zielona Góra in the 2007 parliamentary elections, polling 45,719 votes.

Vice-chairman of the PSL Chief Executive Committee.
Married, with one daughter.


Cezary Grabarczyk (PO)
Minister of Infrastructure

Born April 26, 1960 in Łódź. Graduated from the department of law and administration of Łódź University 1984. Completed legal training in the Łódź District Law Council.

Senior clerk at the Łódź branch of the Polish Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) 1984-1987. Inspector for Łódź-Bałuty Housing Management Administration 1987. Inspector for the City of Łódź 1988. Assistant professor in constitutional law at the department of law and administration of Łódź University 1988-1996. Established private legal practice 1989. Deputy chairman of the Public Procurement Office 1998-1999. First deputy governor of Łódź province 1999-2001.

First elected to parliament as a representative of the Sieradz electoral district in the 2001 parliamentary elections. Chairman of the Extraordinary Committee for Codification Changes in the fourth parliament. Served on the Justice and Human Rights, Infrastructure, and PZU Privatization Inquiry parliamentary committees. Reelected to parliament in the 2005 elections. Managed the Parliamentary Justice Committee in the fifth Parliament. Elected to parliament for a third time as a representative for the Sieradz electoral district in the 2007 parliamentary elections, polling 44,610 votes.

Member of the Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (ZHP) 1967-1983, including serving as deputy district head for programs. Member of the Collegiate Audit Board of the Independent Students' Association (NZS) at Łódź University 1980-1984.

Chairman of the Łódź Chapter of the Union for Realpolitik (UPR) party 1990. Chairman of the Łódź Chapter of the Conservative-Liberal Party 1990 and 1991. Member of the Presidium of the National Board of the Liberal Democratic Congress (KLD) party 1991-1994. Member of the Freedom Union (UW) party 1994-2001. Deputy Chairman of the UW National Arbitration Panel. Joined the PO party in 2001. Became party chairman for Łódź province and a member of the National Board 2006.


Aleksander Grad (PO)
Minister of STATE Treasury

Born May 1, 1962 in Łosiniec. Graduated from Cracow's AGH University of Science and Technology. Councilor and deputy manager of Pleśna commune during the 1990s. Governor of Tarnów province and later deputy minister of health in Jerzy Buzek's government.

Active in the One Hundred Movement and the Conservative People's Party (SKL). Joined the PO in 2001. Chaired the party organization in Małopolska province. Shadow minister for agriculture and rural development.

Elected to the fourth and fifth parliaments as a representative of the Tarnów electoral district on a PO ticket. Elected to parliament for the third time in the 2007 elections, polling 29,842 votes.


Katarzyna Hall (Independent)
Minister of NATIONAL Education

Born March 15, 1957 in Gdańsk. Majored in mathematics at Gdańsk University. Taught at a sports school complex 1980-1984. Researched the examination and grading system for mathematics at the Institute of Mathematics of Gdańsk University. Helped set up private education in Gdańsk 1989. Led the team of Tri-City researchers which devised the curriculum for the Gdańsk Autonomous High School, the first private secondary school in the region, and served as its first principal. Helped found the Gdańsk Educational Foundation. Established the Sopot Autonomous Primary School 1995 and became a representative of the Gdańsk Educational Foundation. Sat on the Consultative Council for Education Reform 1999-2001. Deputy mayor of Gdańsk charged with social policy since Feb. 13, 2006.

One of the designers of "Autonomous Blocks," a package of curricula for primary, junior high and senior high schools.

Married, with three sons.


Bogdan Klich (PO)
Minister of NATIONAL Defense

Born May 8, 1960 in Cracow. Graduated in medical studies from the Medical University of Cracow and from the department of philology and history of Jagiellonian University. Worked with the democratic opposition during the 1970s. Founding member of the Independent Students' Association (NZS). Interned when martial law was introduced Dec. 13, 1981.

Member of Jerzy Buzek's government 1999-2000, serving as deputy minister of defense responsible for liaising with NATO. Elected to the fourth parliament as a representative of the Cracow electoral district. Resigned 2004 upon being elected to the European Parliament July 20, 2004 on a Civic Platform (PO) party ticket. Member of the European Parliament's EPP-ED group. Resigned upon being appointed minister.

Lectures at the European studies unit of Jagiellonian University. Has authored twenty publications on foreign policy and international security. Chairman of the nongovernmental Institute for Strategic Studies.


Ewa Kopacz (PO)
Minister of Health

Born Dec. 3, 1956 in Skaryszew. Graduated in medical studies from the Lublin Medical University in 1981, holds a specialization certificate in family medicine. Managed the Health Care Center in Szydłowiec, where she resides, until 2001.

Local government councilor for Mazovia 1998-2001. Member of the Freedom Union (UW) party, managing its organization in Radom province. Joined the Civic Platform (PO) party 2001. Elected to the fourth parliament as a PO representative for Radom electoral district.

Elected to the fifth parliament where she headed the Health Committee. Appointed PO shadow minister for health Jan. 13, 2006. Has led PO's Mazovian organization since 2006.

Elected to parliament for the third time in the parliamentary elections of Oct. 21, polling 39,155 votes.


Barbara Kudrycka (PO)
Minister of Science and Higher Education

Born Jan. 22, 1956 in Kolno. Graduated from the department of administration and economics of the Białystok branch of Warsaw University 1978. Defended her doctoral dissertation on administrative law at the department of law and administration of Warsaw University 1985. Defended her postdoctoral dissertation on administrative law and public administration at the same department 1995.

Professor of administrative law and public administration 2003. Former president of the College of Public Administration in Białystok. President of that institution 2007. Professor at Białystok University.

Member of the European Parliament from July 20, 2004 to Aug. 30, 2007. Has sat on several EU parliamentary bodies including the Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Internal Affairs and the Delegation for Relations with Belarus. Member of Transparency International Poland and Amnesty International. Joined the Civic Platform (PO) party 2004.

Married, with two daughters.


Maciej Nowicki (Independent)
Minister of Environment

Born Sept. 28, 1941 in Warsaw. Graduated from the environmental engineering department of the Warsaw University of Technology 1964. Scientific staff member of the Polish Academy of Sciences 1964-1979 and the Warsaw University of Technology 1970-1986. Defended his doctoral dissertation at the Warsaw University of Technology 1972. Defended his post-doctoral dissertation on atmospheric protection at the Warsaw University of Technology 1976. Received the title of professor 1992.

Undersecretary of state at the Ministry of Environmental Protection, Natural Resources, and Forestry 1989-1991. Minister of environmental protection, natural resources, and forestry in Jan Krzysztof Bielecki's government 1991. Founded the EkoFundusz Foundation, a body which uses converted debt to fund environmental protection, 1992 and served as chairman until October 2007. Deputy chairman of the UN Commission on Sustainable and Regional Development in New York 1994-1995. Advisor to the secretary general of the OECD in Paris 1996-1997.

Member of the Salzburg-based European Academy of Sciences and Arts.

Polish representative at the European Commission. Member of the Economic and Social Committee and the Consultative Committee on Industrial Change. Member of the Polish Academy of Sciences' "Man and Environment" Scientific Committee, the State Council on Environmental Protection, and the National Committee on Cooperation with the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP Global Change).

Married, with two daughters.


Jacek Rostowski (Independent)
Minister of Finance

Born April 30, 1951 in London. Bachelor of Science in international relations from the University College of London 1972, Master of Arts in economy and history from the University College of London 1973, and Master of Science from the London School of Economics and Political Science 1975. Professor and dean of the department of economics of the Central European University in Budapest. Lectured at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies of the University College of London 1988-1995. Staff member of the Centre for Economic Performance of the London School of Economics and Political Science 1992-1995. Economic advisor to Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Leszek Balcerowicz, 1989-1991. Headed the Ministry of Finance Macroeconomic Policy Council 1997-2001. Advisor to the president of the National Bank of Poland 2002-2004. Former advisor on macroeconomic policy to the government of the Russian Federation. Advisor to the Board of PEKAO SA bank since 2004. Cofounded the CASE Center for Social and Economic Analyses. Has authored numerous publications on European Union enlargement, monetary policy, exchange policy, and transforming post-communist economies.
Married.


Marek Sawicki (PSL)
Minister of Agriculture AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Born April 8, 1958 in Sawice, Sokołów county. Graduated from the agriculture department of the College of Agriculture and Education in Siedlce 1983. Completed postgraduate studies on the Common Agricultural Policy at the Institute of Agricultural Law of the Polish Academy of Sciences 1996.

Assistant professor at the College of Agriculture and Education in Siedlce 1983-1986. Inspector at the Sokołów Podlaski Sugar Refinery 1987-1988. Teacher at the Sokołów Podlaski Agricultural School 1989-1990. Manager of Rzepki commune 1990-1996, member of the commune council until 1994. Secretary of state at the Ministry of Communications and government representative for Rural Telecommunications in Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz's government 1996-1997.

Has his own farm.

Elected to the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth parliaments as a representative of the Siedlce electoral district. Parliamentary secretary of the second parliament 1993-1996. Chairman of the Competition and Consumer Protection Committee in the third parliament 1997-2001. Deputy chairman of the Polish Group of the Interparliamentary Union, and head of the Polish People's Party's (PSL) parliamentary caucus in the fourth parliament. Elected to parliament for the fifth time in the Oct. 21 elections, polling 10,995 votes.

Joined the United People's Party (ZSL) 1988 and PSL 1990. Deputy chairman of the PSL Chief Executive Committee 1997. Secretary of the PSL Supreme Council. Member of the Union of Volunteer Fire Departments since 1985 and holds a seat on the Presidium of the Board.


Radosław Sikorski (PO)
Minister of Foreign Affairs

Born Feb. 23, 1963 in Bydgoszcz. Lived in Britain as a political exile 1981-1989. Holds a Bachelor of Arts and a Master of Arts in philosophy and political and economic sciences from Pembroke College, University of Oxford. Correspondent for the British The Spectator and The Observer weeklies in Afghanistan, Angola and Yugoslavia. Won the World Press Photo Prize 1988 for a photograph of an Afghan family killed during a bombing raid. Advised Rupert Murdoch on investing in Poland 1990-1992. Warsaw correspondent for the British weekly The Sunday Telegraph 1990-1991.

Deputy minister of defense in Jan Olszewski's government 1992. Later associated with Olszewski's Movement for the Reconstruction of Poland (ROP) party. Unsuccessful ROP candidate for the Bydgoszcz electoral district in the 1997 parliamentary elections. Resigned from the party soon afterwards.

Deputy minister of foreign affairs in Jerzy Buzek's government 1998-2001. Responsible for liaising with Polish expatriate communities and for managing Poland's relations with Asian, African and Latin American nations. Headed the Aid to Poles in the East Foundation during this time.

Elected to parliament as a Law and Justice (PiS) senator representing the Bydgoszcz electoral district Sept. 25, 2005. Member of the Senate Foreign Affairs Committee.

Sworn in as minister of defense Oct. 31, 2005 in Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz's government and again July 14, 2006 in Jarosław Kaczyński's government. Resigned Feb. 5, 2007.

Elected to parliament as a Civic Platform (PO) candidate in the Oct. 21 elections, polling 117,219 votes.

Married to Anne Applebaum, American journalist and writer, and Pulitzer Prize winning author of Gulag. They have two sons, Aleksander and Tadeusz.


Bogdan Zdrojewski (PO)
Minister of Culture and National Heritage

Born May 18, 1957 in Kłodzko. Majored in philosophy (1983) and cultural studies (1985) at Wrocław University. First mayor of Wrocław after the systemic changes of 1989, serving from June 5, 1990 to May 8, 2001. Remained independent throughout his entire term in office. Personally directed the rescue operations during the 1997 Wrocław floods, which boosted his popularity there.

Elected to parliament as an independent senator 1997, polling 240,000 votes. Served in an honorary capacity. Resigned Jan. 11, 2000 following a Constitutional Tribunal ruling that he could not simultaneously serve as a senator and a city mayor. Resigned as mayor of Wrocław May 2001 to stand for parliament. Elected to the fourth parliament on a Civic Platform (PO) ticket, polling 47,297 votes.

Reelected to parliament as a representative for Wrocław 2005 on a PO ticket, polling 73,959 votes. PO shadow government minister for defense 2006. Elected head of the PO parliamentary caucus Dec. 5, 2006.

Elected to parliament as a representative for Wrocław on a PO ticket in the Oct. 21 election, polling 213,883 votes.

Married, with a daughter, Karolina (born 1983), and a son, Stanisław (born 1984).