1975 The economic policy of Edward Gierek, the first secretary of the communist Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) who came to power in December ...

The Poles are not original-like so many other nations, they see themselves as being exceptional. We have our special qualities distinguishing us from others bec...

The question of what regaining independence changed in the lives of Poles can be answered in one word: everything. If we hadn't regained our own state in 1918, ...

The beginnings of the independent Polish state were not easy. The country was engaged in no fewer than six wars and border conflicts between 1918 and 1921. Pola...

As the result of three partitions carried out by its neighboring powers, in 1772-1795 Poland slowly ceased to exist as a state. In November 1918, after 123 year...

The September 1939 defeat did not mean the end of military operations involving Polish soldiers, on Polish territory and other fronts of World War II. Poles fou...